Roofing paper



Feb. 12 1924.` 1,483,711

M. BLUMENTHAL ROOFING PAPER Filed March v,29. 1919 Patented Feb. 12',1924.

UNITED STATES Mannion BLunENTHaL, or BROOKLYN, NEW Yom;

BOOIDWG PAPER.

Application ledflarch 29, 1919. Serial No. 286,127.

To all 'Lb-110m' it mag/concern Be it known that I, MAURICE BLUMEN-THAL, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Brooklyn, in thecounty of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Roofing Paper, of which the following is aspecication. t

his invention relates to Tooling papers such as are employed forsurfacing roofs or for analogous purposes. Thile my invention hasspecial relation and adaptability to surfacings for roofs, itwill beunderstood that the paper or composite body sheet as produced by myimprovements may be employed in any other conditions or uses for which aproductof this type is adapted.

Roofing papers of the type to which my invention relates have usuallyheretofore been formed of a felt-paper body which is impregnated orsaturated witha compound formed of tar or asphaltum or oth/er waterproofelements and has affixed over its top surface a tine gravel orpulverized pebbles. In this construction, the gravel or pebbles areliable to'penetrate or puncture the paper body under pressure, and theyproduce a very uneven and irregular tread surface and also limit thepliability or flexibility of the composite body. Furthermore, roofingpa-v pers of this common type are deficient in reproof character and areliable to damage Y by tearing in handlingor in other conditions oflaying or use.

The object of my invention is to overcome the above-noted objections anddisadvantages, and to' provide an improved rooting paper or surfacingsheet of the character set forth, which can be more economically ande'ectively manufactured. which will be liable and flexible underallconditions, which will be effectively fire-resisting, and which. willfurthermore possess advantages in point of strength, durability,convenience, inexpensiveness, effectiveness, and general eiiciency.

In the drawings- V Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a length ofthe improved roofing paper or .surfacing sheet, partly broken away toshow the underlying construction.

Fig. 2 is a detail cross-section on an enlar ed scale, taken on the line2 2, Fig.'1.

ig. 3 is a plan view, corresponding to Fig. 1,-illustrating a modifiedcondition of construction,

Corresponding parts in all the figures are denoted by the same referencecharacters.

Myimproved rooting paper or surfacing sheet is constituted by acomposite body which comprises two body sheets. 1 1, respectivelyforming top and bottom members. Said body sheets are formed of asuitable pliable or flexible material. preferably felt paper, thoughthey may be constituted by a textile or fibrous or other absorbent oradapted material. The body sheets l-l are superposed and united andadhesively secured together over the area of their opposed surfaces by asuitable adhesive compound, 2, to produce a composite body sheet, whichcompound is also taken up or absorbed by-the superposed sheets `so thatthe latter are impregnated or saturated therewith. The uniting andsaturating compound has a water-proof character, and may be a tar orasphaltum composition, but I prefer to employ a compound which willimpart to the composite body sheet a water, acid and fume proofcharacter, and for this purpose the compound may consist of animal orveg" etable fats or oils combined with mineral waxes` such as ozocerite.mineral caoutchouc. gilsonite. or retiuite. which compound will have amelting point approximately 375 F. and a permanently adhesive or tackyand impervious quality.

Over the surface of the impregnated top sheet 1 is laid an outersurfacing of mica scales, as at 3, which adhere to the sheet andmaintain a permanent 'status with relation thereto. The mica surfacingisapplied to thesheet by pressure, preferably' under a high degree ofhydraulic pressure, and the mica scales are afix'ed in scatteredposition so that they cover the full outer surface of the sheet and formthe tread sur face of the roofing paper. There is thus roduced asubstantially smooth tread surace which will n ot puncture or penetratethe underl ing sheet, which is very tough and durabl7 fume proof. Thelmica scales are scattered in their positional lay over the sheet 1 sothat they overlap, as indicated at 4, thus ensuring a complete surfacecovering affording a pliable lamin which will not detract from theflexibility or pliability` of the composite sheet but will operate as areinforce therefor and as a resistance against tearing of or damage tosheet. I

v e and which will resist a highv degreeof heatl and is itself water,acid andv prefer to rst grind mica to produce the small and thin scaleswhich are employed for the tread surfacing as above described and whichconstitute l a very inexpensive and easily applied element in themanufacture of the improved product constituting my invention. 1

In lthe preferred construction, there is also placed intermediately ofthe superposed body sheets lw-L'and in association with the vuniting andimpregnating compound 2, a fibrous filler, 5,V which is spreadk andsandwiched between the 4.body sheets over the general area of theopposed surfaces thereof and forms an effective supplementary lreinforceagainst strain or tearing in any and all directions. Said fibrous fillerpreferably consists of asbestos suitably ground into strings or fibers,which filler will also enhance the fire-resisting quality and thestrength and durability of 4the composite 'sheet as produced accordingtomyinvention, but the filler under some circumstances of use may consistof cotton waste or cotton sweepings or other suitable or desired fibrousmaterial.

I have illustrated in Fig. 3 a modified construction in which, as afurther resistance to tearing or damage of the composite sheets inhandling or in use, and to enhance the lstrength and durability of theproduct, longitudinal strips, as at 6 6, are located respectively at theside edges of the composite sheet intermediate of the body sheets 1-1and in association with the uniting adhesive and impregnating compound2. These strips are of suitable Width, so that they reinforce the /areaof the edge porv tions of the composite sheet at all points extendingfrom the actual plane of the edge, and they are formed of a suitablepliable material, preferably a textile or mesh fabric, or a paper orfibrous material havingcsuiiicient strength as a reinforcement and as. apreventive "against tearing of the edges of the com ositev` sheet underany conditions of handling `or in application or use. The strips 'ortapes may under some conditions of use consist of `an asbestos fabric.`Corresponding lon itudinal stips or tapes,-. as at 7, preferab y widerthen said edge. strips, are inthe preferred construction .of` myimprovedv composite sheet, according to the modification shown in Fig.3, located intermediately of the edge strips and at the central portionof the composite sheet, or the may be located at portions', saidinintervals between thee termediate strips-being in arallel relationshipto the edge strips an likewise in association with the uniting adhesiveand impregnating compound between the body UnderY some conditions ofconstruction according tc my invention, the under body pliable bodysheet 1 may be dispensed with, so that the i composite sheet consists ofthe top sheet 1 having the outer tread surfacing 3 of scales of mica orother analogous mineral substance and the impregnating and adhesivecompound 2, with or without the fibrous filler 5 at the under side ofsaid top sheet.

In the. practical and economical manufac-` ture of the improvedcomposite sheet, the sheets 1-1 are passed 'through pressure rolls, inassociation with the uniting'and impregnating adhesive compound, underthe action of' suitable mechanism for feeding and placing the surfacingscales 3 and the intermediate fibrous filler .5 and also the reinforcingstrips or tapes 6 and 7 if the latter are employed, and pressure actionis exerted to press together in securely associated position the severalelements or members of the composite sheet.

The advantages of my improvements will be readily understood. Theinvention produces an improved composite sheet adapted for roofing `orother analogous surfacing uses, which in its general characteristics isfire-resisting, waterproof, and flexible or pliable under all climaticconditions or circumstances of handling which affords a tread of outersurfacev which is substantially smooth and is itself fire, water, acidand fume proof, and which is furthermore eX- tremely strong and durableand can be economically and effectively manufactured.

I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the detailfeatures of construction as herein shown and described., as it ismanifest that variations and modifications therein may be resorted to,in the adaptation of my invention to varying conditions of use, withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of my invention and improvements. Itherefore reserve the right to all such variations and modifications asproperly fall within the scope of my invention and the terms of thefollowing claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent:

1. An improved composite sheet of the class described, comprisingsuperposed pliable body sheets united and adliesively -secured togetherat their opposed surfaces by an adhesive compound and impregnatedtherewith, longitudinal reinforcing strips or tapes extendingintermediately of said body sheets, and an outer surfacing consisting ofscales of mica covering the surface of the top body sheet. v

2." An improved composite sheet of the class described, comprisingsuperposed pliable body sheets united and adhesively secured together attheir opposed surfaces by anv adhesive compound andv impregnatedtherewith, a fibrous filler located in associatio. with the unitingadhesive compound intermediately of said body sheets and extending overthe general area of the opposed surfaces thereof. longitudinalreinforcing strips or tapes extending intermediately ot' said bod \vsheets. and an outer surfacing consisting of scales of mica covering thesurface of the top bodysheet.

3. Asan improved article of manufacture, a composite sheet comprisingsuperposed pliable body sheets united and adhesively secured together attheir opposed surfaces by an adhesive compound and having longitudinalflat reinforcing tape strips extending intermediately of said bodysheets and in association with said uniting adhesive compound. saidreinforcing strips having. a width corresponding to the area of the edgeportions of the composite sheet and extending from the actual plane ofthe edge at alln points thereon inwardly over the area of th edgeAportions of the body sheets.

l1.--'As"an improved article of manufacture,

acomposite sheet comprising superposed pliable body sheetsunited andadhesively secured together at their opposed surfaces by an adhesivecompound. and having longitudinal flat reinforcing tape strips extendingintermediately of said body sheets and in strips positionedintermediately of said edge y strips and having a width area greaterthan that of said edge strips.

In testimony whereof foregoing specification.

v MAURICE BLUMENTHAL.,

I have signed the

